Friday, October 22, 2010

Graveyard Imogiri: Acculturation Culture Hindu, Javanese, and Islam


Pajimatan Imogiri is the tomb of the kings of Mataram (Surakarta and Yogyakarta), which is located 17 kilometers to the south of Yogyakarta city via Jalan Scouts - Imogiri. In that area for citizens are provided a parking lot located to the west of the entrance gate before boarding ladder. As for the courtiers and VIP guests are provided parking at the top near the tomb so no need to climbing stairs. Local myth stating that whoever could correctly calculate the number of stairs (there is 345 steps) then his goal would come true.

Hill Imogiri really be the tomb of mystery after the kings of Mataram. Unlike the other hills in the south of Yogyakarta, which mostly bare, then because of the sanctity of the cemetery, the trees in Imogiri flourish.

There are teak trees over 300 years old, there is also a banyan tree, Kepel, nutmeg, bamboo, and other trees that grow undisturbed by human hands. Birdsong, the cool breeze, a result that maintained the balance of the ecosystem because of the sanctity of it.

The procedure of entering the tomb in the same place with the Astana Kotagede, where every visitor is required to wear clothing tradisonil Mataram, men should wear clothes beskap hybrid form of black or dark blue stripes, without a dagger, or just wear cloth / jarit without clothes . As for women should wear a tank top.

Please note that during the pilgrimage that visitors are not allowed to wear jewelry. For the pilgrims who did not prepare the dress is from the house can be rented at courtiers before entering the tomb complex. For the courtiers, especially the sons and daughters of the king there are separate regulations, a man wearing beskap without a dagger, an adult female wearing a kebaya with ukel buckling, while the daughter who was a child wearing a belt wolo ukel bun.

Pajimatan Imogiri is the tomb of the kings of Mataram (Surakarta and Yogyakarta), which is located 17 kilometers to the south of Yogyakarta city via Jalan Scouts - Imogiri. In that area for citizens are provided a parking lot located to the west of the entrance gate before boarding ladder. As for the courtiers and VIP guests are provided parking at the top near the tomb so no need to climbing stairs. Local myth stating that whoever could correctly calculate the number of stairs (there is 345 steps) then his goal would come true.

Hill Imogiri really be the tomb of mystery after the kings of Mataram. Unlike the other hills in the south of Yogyakarta, which mostly bare, then because of the sanctity of the cemetery, the trees in Imogiri flourish.

There are teak trees over 300 years old, there is also a banyan tree, Kepel, nutmeg, bamboo, and other trees that grow undisturbed by human hands. Birdsong, the cool breeze, a result that maintained the balance of the ecosystem because of the sanctity of it.

The procedure of entering the tomb in the same place with the Astana Kotagede, where every visitor is required to wear clothing tradisonil Mataram, men should wear clothes beskap hybrid form of black or dark blue stripes, without a dagger, or just wear cloth / jarit without clothes . As for women should wear a tank top.

Please note that during the pilgrimage that visitors are not allowed to wear jewelry. For the pilgrims who did not prepare the dress is from the house can be rented at courtiers before entering the tomb complex. For the courtiers, especially the sons and daughters of the king there are separate regulations, a man wearing beskap without a dagger, an adult female wearing a kebaya with ukel buckling, while the daughter who was a child wearing a belt wolo ukel bun.

Development Imogiri

According to history books Pasarean Imogiri Mataram, Imogiri Tomb since the beginning has been prepared by Sultan Agung with difficulty. Narrated Sultan Agung of magic that every Friday prayers in Mecca, and finally he felt attracted to be buried in Mecca. But for various reasons were rejected by subtle desire by the officials of Religion in Mecca, instead he received a handful of sand from Mecca.

Sultan Agung was advised to throw sand into the land of Java, where the sand falls in place then that is what will be the tomb of Sultan Agung. Sand falls in Giriloyo, but there uncle, Gustavo Prince Juminah (Sultan of Cirebon) have been waiting and asking to be buried in
place. Sultan Agung was angry and asked the Sultan of Cirebon to die soon, then he wafatlah. Furthermore, sand is thrown back by Sultan Agung and fall in the Peacock Mountains that is now the tomb Imogiri.

Sultan Agung was the King of Mataram (Islam) (Sultanate of Mataram) the third. He reigned from 1613 until the year 1645. His title of Sultan Agung (H) anyokrokusumo but better known as Sultan Agung. Grandson of Panembahan Senopati who was the founder of Mataram Kingdom (Islam). Eldest son of the King (H) anyokrowati (Mas Jolang) the second king of Mataram. He is based in Kartasura.

During his administration managed to expand the territory of Mataram to almost cover the entire island of Java. Except for the Sultanate of Banten and Batavia. Finally rubbing against the power of the VOC in Batavia (now Jakarta). As well as disputes with the Sultan of Banten, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa that culminated in the rebellion against the king's successor Trunojoyo where the sultan Ageng donated 40 cannon shoots.

Sultan Agung several times launched a battle between the VOC of Mataram. Sultan Agung was recorded twice entered the attack on the VOC in Batavia, namely in 1628 and 1629. Even well-prepared attack both of them with strength Dipati Ukur logistics and fulfillment with the opening of rice cultivation in the vicinity of Karawang, Cirebon, and the northern coast of Java as well as the deployment of its navy fleet. But the two times of Sultan Agung attack failed. In addition to the attack to Batavia, he expanded the area of which conquered the Duchy of Path'i (Starch) and do the diplomacy of friendship and fellowship with Panembahan Queen of the Sultanate of Cirebon.

Sultan Agung Islamic culture also integrate with Java, Javanese culture and even pre-Islamic culture. Among them is a set of Java Calendar Calendar Saka result of the integration between the Islamic calendar (Hijri calendar) is now known among the community of Java. In addition, also known as Sultan Agung studied the works of Javanese literature and art of the puppet, such as by writing Literature Gending and Puppet Krucil.

According to history books Pasarean Imogiri Mataram, Imogiri Tomb since the beginning has been prepared by Sultan Agung with difficulty. Narrated Sultan Agung of magic that every Friday prayers in Mecca, and finally he felt attracted to be buried in Mecca. But for various reasons were rejected by subtle desire by the officials of Religion in Mecca, instead he received a handful of sand from Mecca.

Sultan Agung was advised to throw sand into the land of Java, where the sand falls in place then that is what will be the tomb of Sultan Agung. Sand falls in Giriloyo, but there uncle, Gustavo Prince Juminah (Sultan of Cirebon) have been waiting and asking to be buried in
place. Sultan Agung was angry and asked the Sultan of Cirebon to die soon, then he wafatlah. Furthermore, sand is thrown back by Sultan Agung and fall in the Peacock Mountains that is now the tomb Imogiri.

Sultan Agung was the King of Mataram (Islam) (Sultanate of Mataram) the third. He reigned from 1613 until the year 1645. His title of Sultan Agung (H) anyokrokusumo but better known as Sultan Agung. Grandson of Panembahan Senopati who was the founder of Mataram Kingdom (Islam). Eldest son of the King (H) anyokrowati (Mas Jolang) the second king of Mataram. He is based in Kartasura.

During his administration managed to expand the territory of Mataram to almost cover the entire island of Java. Except for the Sultanate of Banten and Batavia. Finally rubbing against the power of the VOC in Batavia (now Jakarta). As well as disputes with the Sultan of Banten, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa that culminated in the rebellion against the king's successor Trunojoyo where the sultan Ageng donated 40 cannon shoots.

Sultan Agung several times launched a battle between the VOC of Mataram. Sultan Agung was recorded twice entered the attack on the VOC in Batavia, namely in 1628 and 1629. Even well-prepared attack both of them with strength Dipati Ukur logistics and fulfillment with the opening of rice cultivation in the vicinity of Karawang, Cirebon, and the northern coast of Java as well as the deployment of its navy fleet. But the two times of Sultan Agung attack failed. In addition to the attack to Batavia, he expanded the area of which conquered the Duchy of Path'i (Starch) and do the diplomacy of friendship and fellowship with Panembahan Queen of the Sultanate of Cirebon.

Sultan Agung Islamic culture also integrate with Java, Javanese culture and even pre-Islamic culture. Among them is a set of Java Calendar Calendar Saka result of the integration between the Islamic calendar (Hijri calendar) is now known among the community of Java. In addition, also known as Sultan Agung studied the works of Javanese literature and art of the puppet, such as by writing Literature Gending and Puppet Krucil.


Other Mataram kings were buried at the site include: Sultan Agung Hanyakrakusuma, Sri Ratu Batang, Amangkurat Amral, Amangkurat Mas, Paku Buwana I, Amangkurat Jawi, Paku Buwana II s / d Paku Buwana XI. Meanwhile, the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, among others: Hamengku Buwana I s / d Hamengku Buwana IX, except HB II who was buried at Astana Kotagede. (See: Scheme of the tomb of the Kings of Mataram in Imogiri).

Interestingly, the Tomb Imogiri - also called Pajimatan Imogiri - divided into three parts. If we come to overlook the grave, then at the center is the tomb of Sultan Agung and Susuhunan Pakubowono I. Then on the right side of buildings lined the graves of the sultans of Yogyakarta Kingdom, starting from lane I, II, III, called Kasuwargan. Followed to the right of the tomb of Sultan Hamengkubuwono IV, V, and VI called Besiaran.

And most recently in the far right side is the tomb of Sultan HB VII, VIII, and IX, which called Saptorenggo.
On the left side in a row is the tomb of Sunan of Surakarta Palace, ranging from Susuhunan Pakubowono III (brother of Sultan HB I) until Susuhunan Pakubuwono XI.

Special lane II's tomb, his remains buried in the Tomb Senopaten in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, near the tomb of the king of Mataram I, Panembahan Senopati that when young named Sutawijaya or Panembahan Loring Market.

Entering the tomb of the kings of Mataram obviously not the same as entering the public cemetery. Each king's tomb has a special building and located in a specific level as well. For example, to enter the tomb of Sultan Agung, then had to wear traditional clothes in addition to Java (Peranakan), we must remove footwear, also must pass through three gates. Even that can be directly pilgrimage to the graves of the kings is limited to close relatives of the king or other people who get special permission from the Sultan of Yogyakarta and Surakarta Palace.

Therefore, ordinary pilgrims who are not ready to wear traditional Javanese clothes, forced to only see the first gate is made of carved teak wood and Javanese letters written hundreds of years old, with old-fashioned door latch and padlock. Only the cemetery caretaker who can open the gate. If after all the ordinary people could see "the content" behind the first gate, it was when the royal family came, the gate was opened wide, and people can look a bit before the gate was closed. The same curiosity that led to the mystery of the tomb of the king of Mataram maintained.

Queen Trunk, Amangkurat Amral, Amangkurat Mas, Paku Buwana I, Amangkurat Jawi, Paku Buwana II s / d Paku Buwana XI. Meanwhile, the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, among others: Hamengku Buwana I s / d Hamengku Buwana IX, except HB II who was buried at Astana Kotagede. (See: Scheme of the tomb of the Kings of Mataram in Imogiri).

Interestingly, the Tomb Imogiri - also called Pajimatan Imogiri - divided into three parts. If we come to overlook the grave, then at the center is the tomb of Sultan Agung and Susuhunan Pakubowono I. Then on the right side of buildings lined the graves of the sultans of Yogyakarta Kingdom, starting from lane I, II, III, called Kasuwargan. Followed to the right of the tomb of Sultan Hamengkubuwono IV, V, and VI called Besiaran.

And most recently in the far right side is the tomb of Sultan HB VII, VIII, and IX, which called Saptorenggo.
On the left side in a row is the tomb of Sunan of Surakarta Palace, ranging from Susuhunan Pakubowono III (brother of Sultan HB I) until Susuhunan Pakubuwono XI.

Special lane II's tomb, his remains buried in the Tomb Senopaten in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, near the tomb of the king of Mataram I, Panembahan Senopati that when young named Sutawijaya or Panembahan Loring Market.

Entering the tomb of the kings of Mataram obviously not the same as entering the public cemetery. Each king's tomb has a special building and located in a specific level as well. For example, to enter the tomb of Sultan Agung, then had to wear traditional clothes in addition to Java (Peranakan), we must remove footwear, also must pass through three gates. Even that can be directly pilgrimage to the graves of the kings is limited to close relatives of the king or other people who get special permission from the Sultan of Yogyakarta and Surakarta Palace.

Therefore, ordinary pilgrims who are not ready to wear traditional Javanese clothes, forced to only see the first gate is made of carved teak wood and Javanese letters written hundreds of years old, with old-fashioned door latch and padlock. Only the cemetery caretaker who can open the gate. If after all the ordinary people could see "the content" behind the first gate, it was when the royal family came, the gate was opened wide, and people can look a bit before the gate was closed. The same curiosity that led to the mystery of the tomb of the king of Mataram maintained.


Burn Incense

For those who believe, especially Javanese society, it is not complete if it came to the tomb Imogiri not accompanied by a request. Is this what is called syncretism or whatever the term, which obviously still many pilgrims do that. "Every Friday night POND, POND Tuesday night many pilgrims who come here. They come from the afternoon or evening and then spent the night with bertirakat here, "said court official in charge of the cemetery in Imogiri.

According to a tour guide for the pilgrims, many from Cilacap, Indramayu, and Banyumas. "They believe in praying in the Tomb Imogiri what they want answered. The pilgrims were more oriented to the kings of Yogyakarta, "he said.

The pilgrims, usually spend time in quiet nights at some pendapa similar buildings in the region. Both were built by hand Kasunanan Sultanate of Surakarta and Yogyakarta. Believe it or not, every month of Sura (Muharram), many pilgrims who came to the tomb Imogiri. Although in the Islamic ritual of burning incense is not known, yet many of the pilgrims who burned fragrant incense and fragrant incense there.

Acculturation among Hindu, Javanese, and Islam is so thick in the cemetery of the kings of Mataram this. Acculturation that creates peace. No conflict there. All flows in peace. And the nights full of prayers that was going well until the morning. The pilgrims came home with roomy heart with hope: I hope this request is received by Yang at the top.

Church Bells

It is legitimate if in the Tomb Imogiri was built beside a mosque and the mosque is the tomb of Kyai Tumenggung Tjitrokoesoemo, an architect of the reign of Sultan Agung, who built the tomb Imogiri. Then, there are church bells that always didentangkan to show time. Two buildings that still looks new.

For the pilgrims did not complete if it did not enjoy a drink "wedang cloves", which sold the locals there. It was pretty typical drinks, and certainly not found in other areas. This drink is made from brown sugar aka palm sugar, rock sugar, clove leaf, leaf nutmeg, and cinnamon bark. Once brewed with hot water will appear savory aroma.

Well, to come to the Tomb of Imogiri finally be armed with prayer, Javanese traditional clothes, and stamina. The complex was indeed very broad. And another thing, of course, do not forget to bring home as souvenirs clove wedang concoction that smells.

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