Location and Environment
Fortress Pendem Kebonjati hamlet located in the region, the village of Cilacap, Cilacap District, Cilacap.Posisi geo-graphic district was 108 49'08 "east longitude and 7 * 40'31". At this moment in the courtyard inside the castle had been built some tourist facilities such as counter ticket sales and a toilet. Meanwhile, outside the pages are owned Pertamina oil refinery in the back of the castle and beach tourism in the east of Turtle Bay.
In the neighborhood outside the fort also contained the tomb of the Dutch people like tomb PH.M. Regena Berg JN wife Lagaar Cilacap resident assistant who died July 23, 1888. Also M. Herz Assistant Resident Cilacap who died 22Mei 1909. The fort is situated to face with the island of Nusakambangan which also contained a fortress. While in the area formerly Karangbolong there is also a fortress.
Restoration and Utilization
After not being used by RPKAD Fortress Pendem The government exploited by TK II Cilacap Region as a tourist attraction since 1986. Preservation of History and Archaeology of Central Java has been restoring some areas that were severely damaged in 2002 and 2005.
Building conditions generally experienced a-mi building damage due to natural factors. Position near the beach and is situated below ground level beraki easy-bat this fort pairs of water intruding from the sea and rainwater.
Building Forms
Pendem Castle is a building made of brick stucco built in several stages. Some parts of the fort that still can be seen include: building a prison, space weapons, tunnels, warehouses and kitchens, building accommodation, soldier barracks / dormitories, fortress defense and reconnaissance, and trenches.
* Building Prisons
Prison building faces north with berteralis windows, wall thickness and height
* Space Weapons
Shape space weapons are not much different from building a prison, because of space weapons are in a complex with a prison. What distinguishes the prison only has two floors of space weapons.
* Building Tunnel
Building tunnels with 4 entrances leading to the 4 corners of the wind.
The history behind Fort Pendem
Construction of this fortress according to the Chronicle Banyumas implemented by Sunan Paku Buwono IV for purposes confront pirates who frequently attacked the coast. So there is a possibility before the former was built by the Dutch already have a stronghold.
At first the name of an authentic fort is not found, then people gave the name "Fortress Pendem". Giving this name probably because the landscape is built below ground level.
Castle defense that made the Dutch government, is expected to function since 1879 and apparently Pendem fort was the center of the defense of fortifications such as Karangbolong fortress and castle on the island of Nusakambangan.
Various sources say that use of the fort by the Dutch until 1942, namely when the Dutch handed over power to the Japanese. After that Fortress Pendem not widely used by the Japanese. Until the year 1952-1962 RPKAD dimanfaaatkan by troops (Regiment of the Army Command) as an exercise of sea battles and landings. Only in the year 1986 Local Government TK II Cilacap develop it as an object of cultural tourism.
The establishment of this fort by the Dutch almost simultaneously with the emergence of Plant Forced proclaimed by the Governor-General Johannes van den Bosch. At that time Cilacap indeed become an important port for transporting crops Forced Planted among others from Yogyakarta and Purworejo. In its heyday the port of Cilacap had been a rival of the Central Java port of Semarang due south and parts of West Java always send the results of their ground through Cilacap. Thus the position of this fort for the Dutch strategic value in securing export crops, which has donated generous funds for the Netherlands.
Port of Cilacap be quiet because roads in remote areas began to be built both the railroad and for other motor vehicles. Thus, exports and imports of goods can be sent or distributed to and from the interior through the port of Semarang, Central Java.
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